I wonder if you find one-stop administrative service center to provide services to really improve the efficiency, eliminating the need to run a lot of times we tend to go to the trouble of different departments for approval seal. Administrative Service Center as a production unit, which work in various departments of the window like a station ordered a water-based production facilities, need to handle the matter according to the order flow of the production process. This is the lean thinking in the life of an example.
I. What is Lean Thinking
Any enterprise must follow a formula: Price - Cost = Profit. High cost, and profits will be less, the lack of cash flow business, at any time are likely to be killed by knife. Why are short of money? For coming few more flowers out, but also because of their money into dead money, do not add value in the flow, the result can only be less and less. To overcome adversity, continued profitability, operators and finding ways to cut expenditure, with lean thinking and tools, through internal potential to transform, optimize logistics and improve operational efficiency and profitability.
In short, lean thinking is to eliminate all waste, with minimal input for maximum output, with the best quality and lowest cost products to the market demand to make the most rapid response. Is the core of Lean thinking to help companies achieve on-demand production, lean manufacturing, flexible response, which is the highest state of corporate governance. It is because of the market economy from a seller's market into a buyer's market, consumer demand showed more variety, small batches, quick delivery of the key features of "lean" becomes an inevitable choice for more and more enterprises have formed a unique Features production management system. People all know that mass production can reduce product unit cost, high volume production process actually caused a lot of waste, if the inventory cost, obsolescence risk, market risk, added together, the total cost is not necessarily the lowest. Dell's strong words against IBM, the most powerful weapon is that lean production and zero inventory. Toyota, by lean production methods, with small, cheap, fuel-efficient Toyota beat big, heavy American car, the world's most profitable car company. Today, lean thinking has gradually penetrated into all sectors of manufacturing industries, is changing the way people work and quality of life.
Second, lean thinking work
1, determine the value
All human economic activities in order to "benefit" as the guidance, this "interest" is "value." Can not increase the value of any work of all costs is waste, ultimately reflected in the price paid by the customer, the customer certainly hope that such waste and the less the better. Therefore, the evaluation of a work does not "value" is not a producer has the final say is buyers have the final say, customers that value the value. However, in life, and sellers want to give our customers often do not match, such as people want to travel a reasonable price, the fastest speed, safe destination, and passenger transport companies in order to "economy" is usually so filled with a vehicles were then taken, and some do not take the highway in order to save travel expenses, wasted a lot of time travelers. Lean thinking is reflect a customer-centric values and the concept of market-driven, our enterprises, were extended widely all products, services, the providers have to meet the customer Xuqiu for the First, Special yes Yuanlishichang of personnel (such as R & D) should stand in the customer standpoint, rethink and determine the value.
2, identify the value stream
This step is to look at products or services provided throughout the process, which is valuable and what is worthless. No value waste everywhere, but we often turn a blind eye. To bank transfer only three minutes, but may have to queue for half an hour; air flights for an hour, and spent security, terminal and aircraft delays in time often two or three hours; a can of Coca-Cola, to extract aluminum from aluminum ore, made of aluminum cans, to the customer to buy a Coke at home, on average, spend 319 days of the time, but the actual value of the time only three days, a lot of time spent on raw materials and semi-finished goods storage and transportation. In fact, much more waste than we imagined.
Toyota summarizes several common plant waste: first, manufacturing waste too much too soon; second, waiting for the waste; third, handling of waste; Fourth, over-processing waste; Fifth, the backlog of waste inventory ; the sixth, the operation moves the waste; the seventh, leading to rework such a waste of quality defects. Take the handling, it is an action does not produce value, resulting in equipment, manpower and space consumption. Many people think that non-removal how to do the following work? Lean thinking that if the upstream and downstream equipment moved in together, an intermediate product processed immediately moved to the second process, we can eliminate waste handling. Waste handling or very common, such as empty-handed, walking, bending, turning, stiff, repetitive motion, and unnecessary, according to statistics half of the operating action is void, and are due to staff caused by bad habits and strict examination . In the above waste of these common, some are pure waste, it will not do any business and customer benefits, such as waiting and handling, should be the total elimination of such waste; others are necessary to waste, while it did not create for the customer value, but it is now essential for many businesses, such detection. Toyota had a famous saying: Even the dry towel, as long as they use their brains can squeeze water. By finding and eliminating waste, can bring huge benefits for enterprises.
In life, 28 theory tells us that we do one thing often do a lot of wasted effort, which is a waste of useful work. The principles of lean production is simple, simple is often the most effective. Learn lean thinking, help us grasp the essence, the core focus to the most direct and simple way to achieve their objectives. For enterprises, should be good at subtraction, know how to give up, such as streamlining the organization and overstaffed, simplify the approval process, the core competencies can not contribute to the formation of all cut or outsource the business and so on, these are the actual lean thinking application. Special to note is that it is competition among enterprises has evolved into a competition between the supply chain, so recognize value from the Zheng Ge Supply Lian Er Fei Liu a single enterprise of Jiao Dulai review and to eliminate waste, to pursue Zhengtizuiyou, Er Bu just a local optimum.
3, flow up
Once defined value, came out with a product or service value stream map, eliminating the obvious waste, then we must make preserved, mobile value-creating steps up. Hinge Does Not Stick, running water is never stale. The traditional production is extensive, large volume means waiting and a lot of backlog in the products, lean production is intensive, and according to the order processing equipment, the production team to manufacture small quantities of Mobile, eliminating the stagnation of the process , waste handling and inventory, so that production became smooth and flexible to adapt to the changing market. Ancient Imperial Concubine Yang eat lychees, lychee quickly transported to the South of Chang'an, by way of horse relay, which is a continuous flow of small quantities, is the embodiment of lean thinking.
In order to eliminate pauses to achieve "trickle down" type of production, must have the quick die technology, to enable smooth flow switch operation, must be balanced production schedule, to avoid uneven distribution of people and machines busy, full time when hunger. Lean's "Mobile" thinking tells us that many Chinese enterprises management strategy is based on maintaining the status quo, however, growing enterprises, the changing external environment, or take the old approach to new problems, of course, go wrong. The growing enterprises, the reaction is getting slower and slower, so split and simplified through the revitalization of (small boat U-turn), to hinder the flow of the value of the "wall" all removed, then the value chain tension, make the production close to market, supply close to the production, eliminating the need for intermediate transfer of the waste, so that the rapid flow of value to the customer hands.
4, on-demand pull
Let's take a look to cook it. Before cooking and buying materials, bought much of the occupation of funds, up a long time, then bad, buy less afraid that time of the necessary fuel. How many meals do not a good control over the rest do, do not eat less, it depends entirely on the forecasts and experience of housewives. In fact, the forecasts are often unreliable. Production has also the same reason, we arrange production is forecast to plan, not more is less, but not necessarily the customers want, cause a lot of waste. Plan not keep up with changes in case of sudden changes in customer demand, or temporary insertion orders, production is often caught off guard. The lean production is demand driven, only when needed to provide the necessary products, small lot, no earlier no later. As with home tap water, if necessary turn on the tap water flow coming from upstream immediately at any time to use at any time, with the number on the check number, no stocking, do not have to wait.
We are in the supermarket, when the goods through the checkout barcode scanning, the system put the record sales, the supermarket will be added at any time of goods that have already sold. Downstream processes such as customer processes as extracting goods from upstream, upstream suppliers the same process as the demand for production of goods only, whether to add or to-order. Factory production, demand pull through Kanban (pass the information carrier) transmission of information, from the last process step by step forward and pull the production process has been driven to the purchasing department. Although many plants use billboards, but did not get the same benefits as the Toyota, because the rules do not implement the billboards to the site: According to the collar material extracted Kanban, Kanban based production work, no billboards can not have a material can not work, signage must be physical with (logistics and information flow does not separate), not after the bad product to the process. To be clear, Kanban is a tool for continuous improvement. Lean production cycle of the ideal situation is synchronized with market demand, gradually reduce and ultimately eliminate billboards, so that each process only one in the product, truly a stream of production, starting from the feed as a continuous flow like water customers.
5, the pursuit of perfection
Lean is a long march, a never-ending improvement process. No change there would be no leap. From mass production to lean production, as enterprises evolve from one stage to another stage, will experience some pain, from quantitative to qualitative change, eventually pupate into a butterfly. Change will encounter resistance, as long as the direction of good, sustained, they form the habit, more solutions than problems.
Lean thinking that as long as taking the right approach, continuous improvement is to spend little or no cost, fully rely on internal potential to transform the layout pursuit of perfection, but also does not delay production because it can move at night or during lunch time machine . Improve compliance "PDCA" (Plan, Do, Check, improvement) cycle, the standardization of operation from the start site, to find ways to eliminate waste. In continuous improvement, there is a halt or even have back, so lean improvement is difficult to upholding. Even if the improvement results achieved, we must stick with it, which as we have recovered after a period of time have to adhere to taking medications to prevent disease rebound and response. Also, a flower does not make spring, the improvement can not be limited to lean inside the factory, enterprises should also be new ways, new upstream and downstream of outreach to every part of Da Zao lean enterprise and lean supply chain of joint operations, the real a vertical and horizontal to the sea aircraft carrier fleet.
Third, how to implement lean thinking
Bing uncertain situation, the water has no fixed form. Enterprises in implementing lean thinking there is no fixed pattern, it is important in light of where the local business, product and product characteristics of the object, the production form of organization, and many other specific circumstances, local conditions, a gradual improvement of the implementation of Lean. To some extent, lean is not just philosophy, but also a practice. Mass production have a strong desire to have each and every machine busy, it seems to boom. Cadres engaged in fire fighting, it seems That makes sense of their own authority and importance. Lean thinking is not opposed to busy, but against the bustle, chaos and no value is busy busy, that the "spirit" is a means and process, "Yi" is the goals and results.
Everything people, lean successes and failures because the human element, can be described as also people who are lost. The key to the implementation of lean thinking from a human point of view, to encourage the effective implementation of all staff to improve. Staff may be concerned that the implementation of Lean and unemployment, may also be because of years of work habits to the exclusion of Lean, own some stubborn and do not support the management of cadres and lean, they tend to adhere to usual practice, did not want to change. So, start thinking lean concern the interests, caring for people's needs, recognize the people are all inert. Therefore, to enhance understanding, reduce the resistance, and training to first, start with leadership training began, so that they truly realize the concept of lean, methods and benefits, so that the leadership was determined, and then tissue levels of study and training staff. Lean forward on the nail in the household, not-for-thought on the substitutions, which business leaders if not the determination, courage and persistence, destined to give up halfway.
Lean 5S is the foundation of the main train employees good working habits, the early implementation of Lean 5S management from start to implement on-site. Encourage all staff from the scene found the problem, make recommendations for improvement, managers have to the scene, together with staff to solve the problem. From the overall value stream rather than just the production process to sort out the business process and accurately determine the value, and then re-production process. Optimize the entire process of production organization, MRP and lean as the brain and reflex neural complementary and can not be too one-sided emphasis on the role of Kanban management neglect the role of MRP planning systems. In the implementation of lean processes, you can plant a region first flow in small batches production, do pull-type production system, and then a balanced production and standardization of operations, will not only play their roles, establishing confidence in staff, but also can sum up experience, which will help to better promote the use of. In the end, so Lean Thinking into corporate culture, forming a thick atmosphere, and to support performance evaluation mechanism for optimizing logistics, reduced working hours, were evaluated to improve the quality and promote cost reduction and productivity enhancement.
Results from the implementation perspective, the promotion of enterprise Lean harmony, stability and sustainable development. Lean not to lay off for the purpose, on the contrary, the business can absorb the excess staff development, lean manufacturing so that employees become generalists, employees in the work experience to grow and fun, useful for team morale and cohesion of enterprises improved. Lean is not blind to require suppliers to cut prices, or selfishly pushed the risk and pressure to the supplier, but to help suppliers improve their management, together to eliminate waste, so the price is to reduce the supply, to the establishment of long-term relationship and improve supplier quality.
I had been thinking, should be strong first, do big, and only strong first, to enlarge. For those Xiangponaodai loopholes, tax evasion, or run relationships, speculation secure personal gain of the business enterprise, lean thinking provides a long-term plan for enterprise development, that is able to realistically practice internal strength, strong first do a large, This is also the policy of building society saving trend. In short, if you want in the fierce market environment to remain competitive, if you want to further explore areas of development 浼佷笟 achieve higher performance, or difficult to maintain if you want to get rid of the situation, then from now on, towards the lean target action, believe that Lean will help more Chinese companies to success.
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